From Negative Balance to Positive Guidance:The Policy Evolution and Enlightenment of American Artificial Intelligence Standardization
Yang Zhengyu1, Qu Shuyang2
1. Intellectural Property Research Institute of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China; 2. Law and Politics College of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China
Abstract：Artificial intelligence standards have become a strategic focus in the global competition.To maintain its lead and suppress competitors,the United States has accelerated efforts to standardize artificial intelligence since 2016.This article establishes an analysis framework based on policy analysis approaches and the different stages of development in AI technology,using policy-making departments,policy objectives,and policy measures as key elements to clarify the timeline and logical progression of U.S.policies related to AI standards.These policies are driven by executive orders,with various policy initiatives working together;they have gone through three phases:initial planning,passive balancing,and active leadership.The logic behind this evolution is aimed at integrating standard chains,innovation chains,and industry chains within the context of national competitive advantage,with standard setting given priority as part of a strategy of“knowledge hegemony”.Private sectors play a significant role in standard development,while public organizations contribute to guiding these standards,thereby advancing standard-setting both domestically and internationally.Therefore,China's approach to standardization in artificial intelligence should focus on the“trailing edge function”of standards;it should rely on soft legal mechanisms for guidance,take advantage of its unique national system,and leverage the multi-level coordination within its own standard framework.China should also strive to lead in international standards and prepare for the creation of new frameworks and discourse systems.
杨正宇, 屈舒阳. 消极平衡到积极引领:美国人工智能标准化的政策演进与启示[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2026(9): 154-164.
Yang Zhengyu, Qu Shuyang. From Negative Balance to Positive Guidance:The Policy Evolution and Enlightenment of American Artificial Intelligence Standardization. , 2026(9): 154-164.
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