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2025, No. 5 Published: 2025-05-05   1 Research on the Mechanism of Government Effective Intervention in the Construction of Knowledge Innovation Ecosystem Tao Na The knowledge innovation ecosystem plays a significant role in establishing enterprises as the main drivers of technological innovation.Firstly,the basic framework of the knowledge innovation ecosystem—system structure and system functions—is proposed based on indirect network effects.Secondly,the“black box”of the knowledge innovation ecosystem's structure and functions is opened to examine the fundamental elements that constitute them.Finally,based on the internal components of the knowledge innovation ecosystem's structure and functions,the principles of government intervention are analyzed across four dimensions:guiding innovation direction,coordinating participant involvement,managing risks and uncertainties,and facilitating gradual market formation,thereby shaping a government intervention mechanism.Through this research,the boundary between“inaction”and“action”in the governance of knowledge innovation is clarified,enabling the coordinated advancement of the knowledge innovation ecosystem through the combined forces of the market and the government. 2025 (5): 1-9 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1475 KB)  ( 25 ) 10 Criminal Regulation of the Risk of Scientific and Technological Innovation——Taking the Rule of Law Safeguards for New Quality Productive Forces as an Entry Point Chu Chencheng, Liu Yang In the context of the development of new quality productive forces oriented to scientific and technological innovation,the criminal law simultaneously presents the reverse phenomenon of over-criminalization of scientific research and under-protection of the transformation of scientific research results.The former is in the preventive legislation that expands the legal infringement of scientific and technological research,and the strict justice that confuses the determination of scientific research fund management in the crime of embezzlement.The latter is manifested in the legislation of patent crime that excessively restricts the establishment standard of constitutive elements,which results in the judicial practice that rarely applies the crime of counterfeiting patents.In this regard,the criminal law needs to reflect on the expansion of criminalization for scientific and technological research,the strict criminalization of scientific research funds management,scientific and technological patent infringement civil remedy theory,and other established views.The principle of freedom of scientific research requires the addition of elements of scientific and technological ethical scrutiny about relative crimes,so as to exclude acts that do not involve a general need for prevention and a substantial risk of harm to legal interests.The principle of weighing interests requires that not only the extension of“official”and“public property”should be clarified to limit the application of the crime of embezzlement,but also“the purpose of illegal possession”should be globally recognized to distinguish between the illegal use of scientific research funds and the crime of embezzlement.The patent protection mechanism of scientific and technological innovation under the principle of public welfare protection requires that the criminal law should expand the constituent elements of the crime of patent counterfeiting,set up the second level of statutory penalties,and create crimes related to the infringement of patent rights. 2025 (5): 10-20 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1097 KB)  ( 31 ) 21 Consistency of Peer Review Results and Analysis of Influencing Factors——An Empirical Study Based on the Evaluation of National Key R&D Projects Zhang Jinqiannan, Ma Zongwen Peer review is a common means used by countries to select and fund scientific and technological projects.Four batches of review data of the National Key R&D Program were selected as samples,including 2919 scoring data of 288 projects by 375 peer reviewers.The consistency of peer review and its influencing factors were quantitatively analyzed with the methods of Cronbach α coefficient,binary coefficient,and coefficient of variation.The main results showed that the consistency of peer review results was generally high,the number of peer experts,the review method,the number of projects in the group and the differences of projects all affected the consistency of the review,and the average consistency of the review was increased by 2.25% for each additional expert in the defense review.For a review with 5 experts,the consistency of the review results in the defense review is improved by about 10% averagely compared to the communication review.The defense review for the same batch of projects was increased by about 15% compared with the communication review.With the decrease of the number of projects in the group or the increase of differences between the projects in the group,the consistency of the review results increases; the consistency of the review results of the next round of review or project approval is higher than the average result of the whole group of projects,and the improvement effect is more obvious in the defense review.Finally,this paper summarizes the influence of organization on the consistency of the review and discusses the strategies to improve the consistency of peer review. 2025 (5): 21-29 [Abstract] ( 5 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1730 KB)  ( 40 ) 30 Regulatory Sandbox for Cross-border Data Flows in Free Trade Zones:Theoretical Validation and Institutional Construction Lin Zihan, Liu Yiming, Yuan Qianli Cross-border data flow is one of the significant driving forces for the development of digital economy in the context of digital globalization,and international digital economic and trade agreements such as CPTPP and DEPA regard it as an important element of the agreement.China's regulation on cross-border data flow unfolds with the bottom line of safeguarding data security,but there are problems such as unitary exit paths and strict standards,which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of the above agreements on cross-border data flow.Exploring the regulatory sandbox mechanism for cross-border data flow is in line with the regulatory concept of inclusive prudence and pluralistic governanceand is conducive to achieving a balance between data innovation and risk control.Considering the stability and continuity of the data exit policy,based on the full authorization of the law and relevant policy support,it becomes a reasonable choice to pilot the regulatory sandbox for cross-border flow of data in China's FTZs.Based on the experience of the regulatory sandbox mechanism in the field of financial technology and the EU's AI regulatory sandbox mechanism,it is suggested that the regulatory sandbox for cross-border data flow should be constructed with a two-layer structure of‘security layer + innovation layer’,and dynamic regulatory processes throughout the full cycle of cross-border data flows.It is suggested that the specific rules of the regulatory sandbox should be refined,such as conditions for entering the sandbox,the operation process and the mechanism for exiting from it.At the same time,it is necessary to improve the institutional construction of China's FTZs in terms of legislative breakthroughs and policy incentives to promote the implementation of the regulatory sandbox for cross-border data flow in FTZs. 2025 (5): 30-39 [Abstract] ( 6 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1393 KB)  ( 44 ) 40 Policy Driving or Resource Exchange——A Study about International Scientific and Technological Cooperation of China's State Key Laboratory Zhang Mengya, Wang Xingmin, Sun Yi International scientific and technological cooperation is one of crucial ways to improve the innovation capability,and its driving factors have attracted the attention of researchers in this field.Selecting China State Key Laboratories'(SKLs')as the research object and aiming at the scientists working in the SKLs,this paper discussed the mechanism of the SKLs' international scientific and technological cooperation from the view of policy environment and resource exchange by adopting Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(FsQCA)using the 318 questionnaires.The results are as follows.The policy environment factors and resource exchange factors have produced synergy to influence the SKLs' international scientific and technological cooperation.However,the paths are characterized by key factors.The policy driven model is reflected in the friendly international situation driven model with high international situation as the main factor,the resource exchange driven models are reflected in the reciprocity driven model with high collaboration reciprocity as the main factor,and in the continuous driven model with high collaboration continuity as the main factor.At last,this paper put forward the policy to develop the international scientific and technological cooperation of the SKLs. 2025 (5): 40-49 [Abstract] ( 5 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1116 KB)  ( 74 ) 50 Cultivating the Pioneering Energy for the Development of New Quality Productive Forces by the National Strategic S&T Strength Xue Meihui, Ding Minglei, Yin Ximing Based on the improvement of the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system,this paper analyses the internal logic of developing new-quality productive forces with the national strategic S&T strength from the perspective of the national innovation system and the change of the global scientific research paradigm.The international comparative method is used to critically sort out the international experience of accelerating the development of new-quality productive forces by the national strategic S&T strength.The study proposes that the national strategic S&T strength should be strengthened to cultivate new momentum for the development of new quality productivity.It is necessary to further grasp the opportunities of scenario-driven innovation,accelerate the integrated innovation of the national strategic S&T strength empowered by digital intelligence,significantly enhance the systematic capacity of S&T,comprehensively improve the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system,and accelerate the productive forces of the pioneering energy of the new quality productive forces. 2025 (5): 50-59 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1082 KB)  ( 66 ) 60 Formation and Evolution of Digital Technology Innovation Consortium——Patent Analysis Based on the New Generation of Artificial Intelligence Tao Yuxiang, Liu Xiangmi, Wu Chaonan, Yuan Ye Promoting the comprehensive integration of industry,academia and research,alongside encouraging leading enterprises to collaborate with research institutes and higher education institutions in establishing digital technology innovation consortium,is a vital strategy for enhancing the nation's strategic scientific and technological capabilities.Based on artificial intelligence technology patent data from 2000 to 2022,this article employs social network analysis to investigate the formation and spatial evolution characteristics of China's digital technology innovation consortium.The findings indicate that from dynamic process,the scale of China's digital technology innovation consortium has been continuously expanding,with internal cooperation networks becoming increasingly disordered and complex.Significant differences exist in the types of innovation entities across different stages and regions.From the perspective of subject evolution,the structural characteristics of innovation consortium have gradually transitioned from being discrete to more clustered,and the cooperation model has shifted from“loosely connected”to“stably linked”within innovation chains and networks.Over time,technology-leading enterprises have progressively aggregated innovation elements,established core position and facilitated interconnection among various entities,ultimately developing a“sparse-external yet dense-internal”network structure.In terms of spatial evolution,the consortium exhibit a“gradient diffusion”pattern from the eastern to the central and western regions,with significant regional heterogeneity in interregional cooperation.Finally,policy recommendations are proposed to emphasize the reinforcement of enterprises' dominant role in innovation,leadership in forming digital technology innovation consortiums and deeper integration of scientific innovation with industrial advancement. 2025 (5): 60-71 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2182 KB)  ( 79 ) 72 China's Participation in the Global Data Governance Game:The Role of Multinational Technology Companies and Its Implementation Route Wang Chuqing China's digital economy has developed rapidly,but it has not yet formed an international discourse power that matches the strength of China's digital economy,hindering the pace of China's participation in the global data governance game.With the development of economic globalization,the influence of non-state actors in global governance is increasing.In particular,in global data governance,multinational technology enterprises assume multiple identities as risk identifiers,activity participants and institutional guardians,and their business activities practices and governance norms have a guiding role in the construction of international rules of global data governance.In view of this,multinational technology companies can be considered to win a place for China to participate in the global data governance game.At the government level,multinational technology enterprises should be fully mobilized to carry out external communication,actively establish the image of China as a major country in global data governance,and build a community of digital destiny with cooperation among multinational technology enterprises as a link.At the enterprise level,multinational technology enterprises should actively promote the construction and optimization of data governance rules,enhance the digital cooperation between enterprises to achieve the export of the Chinese-style system. 2025 (5): 72-79 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1055 KB)  ( 55 ) 80 A Study on the Evolution of High-Value Patents in Reverse Innovation of Emerging Market Enterprises——A Case Study of BYD Company Liu Tingting, Qi Yong, Zhang Guiyang, Li Yehui, Li Xing The competitiveness of reverse-innovated products by emerging market firms in overseas markets is constrained by the scarcity of high-value patents.Adopting an ecological perspective,this study proposes a theoretical framework to analyze the value relationships and evolutionary pathways of high-value patents across three dimensions including technology,law and market.A three-dimensional Lotka-Volterra model is developed to explore the evolution of patent value and its optimal formation conditions in reverse innovation.Using BYD as a case study,the findings reveal that technological,legal,and market values jointly influence high-value patent evolution.Firms can develop high-value patents during reverse innovation,particularly in overseas markets.Moreover,the evolutionary path adapts to market changes,ultimately reaching an optimal high-value patent state through a prolonged evolutionary cycle. 2025 (5): 80-87 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1432 KB)  ( 42 ) 88 Research on the Career Mobility Characteristics of Basic Research Talents——A Case Study of 2014—2023 ESI Highly Cited Scientists in Central China Huang Tao, Zeng Mei This paper takes ESI highly cited scientists as the representatives of basic research talents,focusing on ESI highly cited scientists in Central China(Hubei Province,Hunan Province,and Henan Province)from 2014 to 2023,and applies the method of combining biographical analysis and quantitative analysis to analyze the flow patterns of basic research talents in Central China from the aspects of basic information of talents' mobility,geographic mobility and institutional mobility.The results show that the mobility of basic research talents is large,but the per capita mobility frequency is low;The average mobility rate of basic research talents is once every 4.98 years,and the age of mobility is getting younger;The regional flow of talents has the obvious spatial concentration characteristics,and the flow of institutions presents a phenomenon of clustering in prestigious universities.Based on this,suggestions are put forward to optimize the policy environment for the flow of basic research talents,implement diversified incentive mechanisms for different basic research talents,balance the allocation of resources among regions,and establish a regular exchange mechanism for cross-industry and cross-departmental basic research talents to visit and learn from each other 2025 (5): 88-97 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1150 KB)  ( 41 ) 98 Research on the Growth Path of Young Top Talents in Basic Research——Based on an Empirical Analysis of 2019—2023 Xplorer Prize Winners Jin Rujing, Huang Tao Based on the resume analysis method,this paper takes the winners of the 2019—2023 Xplorer Prize as the research object,analyzes the growth path of young top talents in basic research from five dimensions:basic information,educational background,career trajectory,growth cycle and fund support,and explores the common characteristics and general laws in their growth process.The results show that the gender ratio of young top-notch talents in basic research is unbalanced,and the award-winning age is mainly concentrated in 41—45 years old.Postdoctoral experience and high-level,diversified educational background;The training positions are mainly universities and scientific research institutions,and the participation rate of enterprises is low;The overall occupational turnover rate is low,and the work area is highly concentrated;The growth cycle is concentrated in 11～17 years,and its average growth cycle is 13.6 years.The fund has played an important supporting role in the whole growth process.In view of the above characteristics,five suggestions are given for cultivating young top-notch talents in basic research,namely,to improve the gender imbalance of young top-notch talents in basic research;to give full play to the role of colleges and universities as a base for cultivating young scientific and technological talents;to promote the joint training of young top-notch talents in basic research;to support overseas study for young top-notch talents in basic research;to realize the precise funding of young top-notch talents in basic research. 2025 (5): 98-108 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1193 KB)  ( 51 ) 109 The Heterogeneous Residential Locational Preference Among Knowledge Workers——Taking Analytical-Synthetic-Symbolic Knowledge Workers in Beijing as an Example Li Xi, Yao Huiping, Zhao Juanjuan Knowledge workers,as an important innovation factor,are the key driving force for Beijing to build an international center for technology and innovation.Thus,it is necessary to examine their residential location preferences to enhance their well-being and innovation vitality.Based on 1067 individual-level questionnaires from knowledge workers acquired in 2021 and Amap POI data in Beijing,this paper investigates the residential location preferences among analytical,synthetic,and symbolic knowledge workers,by integrating the revealed preference and the implicit importance.The study finds that analytical and symbolic workers relatively prioritize quality location factors(e.g.social and cultural facilities)in their residential choices,where as synthetic worker splace greater relative emphasis on classic location factors(e.g.medical facilities).These conclusions may provide effective policy recommendations for promoting residential satisfaction of knowledge workers in Beijing. 2025 (5): 109-119 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3947 KB)  ( 11 ) 120 Innovative Doctoral Training Models to Promote the Formation of New Quality Productive Forces——Taking the PTN Project as an Example Han Fengqin, Yang Xiaoqiang The doctoral training model is a critical factor influencing the quality of doctoral education and the cultivation of high-level innovative talents,and its optimization directly and profoundly shapes the development of new quality productive forces.Currently,China's doctoral training system predominantly adopts the“single-supervisor model,”which has led to structural limitations such as disciplinary knowledge homogenization,insufficient integration of research and teaching,and constrained interdisciplinary collaboration.These issues hinder the cultivation of top-tier innovative talents required for advancing new quality productive forces.To address this,this paper examines the PTN program as a case study,analyzing how its“rotation-based training model”enhances innovative thinking,fosters original research capabilities,and promotes interdisciplinary and practice-oriented skill development,thereby providing robust talent support for new quality productive forces.The study reveals that the PTN program,through innovative admission mechanisms,curriculum design,and training frameworks,significantly strengthens doctoral candidates'creativity and practical competencies,contributing to both high-caliber human capital and cutting-edge scientific achievements essential for new quality productive forces.Accordingly,this paper proposes scaling up the PTN experience by developing discipline-specific rotation-based models,establishing collaborative platforms to transcend traditional training boundaries,and constructing a scientific evaluation system.Such reforms aim to cultivate globally competitive,cross-disciplinary,and practice-driven innovators,thereby sustaining the evolution of new quality productive forces. 2025 (5): 120-127 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1051 KB)  ( 33 ) 128 Pathways, Models and Insights for Building a Global Innovation-driven Country——A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on Cross-National Panel Data Pan Junhao, Yang Yifan Drawing on innovation ecosystem theory and complex emergence,a configurational model of the innovation origination ecosystem is proposed.Using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)and panel data from 120 countries and regions(2011—2021),this research identifies effective combinations of conditions that enhance innovation origination capacity over time.The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test further reveals spatial disparities in these configurations.Results indicate that no single factor is necessary for high innovation origination,but the subsystems of digital environment,science and technology,talent,and industry demonstrate significant temporal effects.Four configurational pathways to high innovation capacity are identified,which include the strong ecological balance model,primitive ecological model,and weak ecological strong government model.Temporally,the consistency of these pathways declined in 2016 and 2020,likely due to major global events such as Brexit,U.S.elections,and the COVID-19 pandemic.Spatially,global innovation origination has evolved into a“core-semi-periphery-periphery”structure across continents.Based on these insights,policy recommendations are provided to support China's emergence as a global innovation leader. 2025 (5): 128-138 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1488 KB)  ( 30 ) 139 A Comparative Study on Science and Technology Security System Between China and the United States Yang Yang, Tao Rui, Cao Yong, Shi Xiaoyong The science and technology security system is a fundamental approach to advancing the national governance of science and technology security.Given the increasingly intricate and severe science and technology security landscape,China urgently needs to enhance its science and technology security system in order to establish institutional safeguards for achieving high-level self-reliance in science and technology.Drawing upon the foundational framework of science and technology security,this paper compares and analyzes the key distinctions between China's system and that of the United States,as well as highlights the outstanding characteristics of the US system with regard to superior legislation and organizational leadership system,scientific activity security system,and technology transaction control system.Furthermore,it presents enlightenment from the US system to provide valuable references for both enriching and enhancing China's own system,as well as effectively addressing America's blockade on Chinese scientific advancements. 2025 (5): 139-149 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1095 KB)  ( 56 ) 150 The Policy Tools, Path Characteristics and Impacts of the EU's Participation in the Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence Gao Zaihong, Zhang Xinzhi Under the guidance of the policy tools approach,we analyzed the European Union's strategic documents,legislative process and organizational design of AI governance.We have constructed a cross-analytical framework of“foundation-data-application”layer and“supply-regulation-coordination-defense”type,to provide an overview of the EU's policy tools in the field of AI.At the level of policy features,it is found that the EU increased supply of AI production factors,exported governance standards in the form of legislation,promoted the formation of consensus at the global level,and emphasized the protection of its digital sovereignty and technological security.In terms of the effects,the use of EU policy tools has not only accelerated the pace of global AI governance,but has also introduced elements of decentralization and competition within the AI governance system.China should clearly perceive the strategic direction of the EU and the trends of technology governance.By doing so,China can flexibly employ policy tools to develop AI and participate more effectively in global governance. 2025 (5): 150-160 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1105 KB)  ( 25 ) 161 The Impact of ChatGPT on Party Politics in America from the Perspective of Technopolitics Li Yang Since the 2016 United States election,AI has become an important driver of party politics in the West.As an emerging artificial intelligence technology,ChatGPT is profoundly influencing party politics in United States through three dimensions:technology empowerment,institutional regulation,and ecological reshaping.Based on the perspective of technological politics,the analysis shows that technological progress and political party game are intertwined and evolved,promoting the integration of party politics and the intelligent era.In the future,the interaction between artificial intelligence and party politics will be more frequent and deeper,and it is necessary to strengthen the regulation of technical ethics.In response to this trend,China should formulate a systematic response plan from the perspective of national strategy:at the top-level design level,establish a unified R&D and regulatory agency,and promote legislative construction;At the level of technological innovation,we will strengthen basic research and explore application scenarios that are in line with China's national conditions;At the level of international cooperation,we should build a development path for AI in developing countries.Through a multi-level and all-round strategy,China should seize the opportunities of AI development,avoid potential risks,promote the deep integration of AI technology and the national governance system,and provide strong technical support for Party building and national development in the new era. 2025 (5): 161-169 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1150 KB)  ( 33 ) 170 Empowering the Development of Female Scientific and Technological Talent:The Evolution, Measures and Achievements of the ADVANCE Program of the National Science Foundation in the United States Wang Taoli, Hong Min To address issues such as gender imbalance in the scientific and technological talent pool and career development bottlenecks of female scientific and technological talents,the United States officially established the ADVANCE program funded by the National Science Foundation in 2001.Focusing on the developmental process,reform measures,and achievements and challenges of the program,this study explores the practical progress of empowering the development of female scientific and technological talents in the United States.The program has gone through four stages including germination,transformation,expansion and diversification,and gradually formed four tracks including institutional transfromation,planning,adaptation and cooperation.The ADVANCE program has taken reform measures such as institutional transformation,organizational self-evaluation,evidence-based decision-making,and promoting cooperation under different tracks.It has effectively improved the national level of science and technology and the comprehensive competitiveness of scientific and technological personnel in the United States.It thus provides a useful reference for China to strengthen the construction of scientific and technological personnel and realize high level of scientific and technological self-reliance. 2025 (5): 170-179 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1153 KB)  ( 28 ) 180 The Connotation, Significance and Construction Path of the Global Science and Technology Community Wang Shao The global science and technology community is an important concept proposed by China to strengthen and improve global science and technology governance.It is not only a new form of international scientific and technological cooperation that should be established in reality,but also an ideal future global scientific and technological development landscape that should be established.To understand the global science and technology community,it is necessary to be interpreted from the perspectives of science of science,philosophy of science and technology,political studies of science and technology,and technology innovation studies,based on the actual development of science and technology.The global science and technology community is a pattern of global scientific and technological cooperation in which countries and their technological entities take human destiny as the foundation,technological innovation as the root,and solving major global scientific and technological problems as the starting point,practicing the value concept of“openness,fairness,justice,and non-discrimination”.The global science and technology community helps to further strengthen global science and technology cooperation,promote science and technology innovation to solve global scientific and technological problems,and is an important force in breaking through the bottleneck of human social development.The biggest challenge facing the construction of the global science and technology community is techno-feudalism and techno-capitalism.To prevent the negative impact of feudal logic and capital logic,it is necessary to build consensus based on the common values of all mankind,attract countries to actively participate in the construction of the global science and technology community,design relevant systems for the global science and technology community based on the principle of win-win cooperation under the requirements of techno-socialism,give full play to the leading role of major powers in the field of science and technology,establish a specific mechanism for a global science and technology community with sustainable cooperation as the main line,and help the effective operation of the global science and technology community. 2025 (5): 180-188 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1064 KB)  ( 30 )

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