Abstract：Network data security is crucial to national security as well as economic and social development.From a holistic perspective,this paper elaborates on China's network data security regulatory framework through the three stages of “pre-incident,during-incident,and post-incident”, revealing the fundamental obstacles to forming a closed-loop regulatory system.The study identifies significant shortcomings in the existing system,such as inconsistent data classification standards,ineffective inter-departmental coordination mechanisms,and inadequate cross-border regulatory frameworks.These issues not only constrain the effectiveness of specific institutional functions but also hinder the formation of a closed-loop regulatory system.There is a need to construct a closed-loop regulatory system encompassing “pre-incident prevention,in-process control,and post-incident response.” In the pre-incident phase,it is essential to unify data classification and grading standards,enhance the practicality of risk assessments,and refine security review rules.During incidents,efforts should focus on improving the technical support for monitoring and early warning systems and perfecting cross-border data regulatory mechanisms.In the post-incident phase,it is critical to strengthen inter-departmental coordination and emergency response capabilities,as well as to advance legislation on blocking statutes and reciprocal countermeasures.
2025, 
