欧盟参与人工智能全球治理的政策工具、路径特征及影响分析

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摘要在政策工具方法的指导下,通过分析欧盟参与人工智能治理的战略文件、立法进程与组织设计等,构建“基础层-数据层-应用层”和“供给型-监管型-协调型-防御型”的交叉分析框架,对欧盟在人工智能领域的政策工具进行全局性的梳理。在政策特征层面,欧盟加大人工智能生产要素供给,以立法形式输出治理标准,在全球层面广泛凝聚共识,同时注重维护欧盟数字主权和技术安全。在政策影响方面,欧盟政策工具的运用推动全球人工智能治理速度加快,同时也带来了人工智能治理体系分散化和竞争化等影响。中国应清晰感知欧盟战略方向和全球新兴技术治理态势,灵活运用各类政策工具发展人工智能和参与全球治理。

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	高再红
	张心志

关键词 ：人工智能治理, 全球治理, 欧盟, 政策工具

Abstract：Under the guidance of the policy tools approach,we analyzed the European Union's strategic documents,legislative process and organizational design of AI governance.We have constructed a cross-analytical framework of“foundation-data-application”layer and“supply-regulation-coordination-defense”type,to provide an overview of the EU's policy tools in the field of AI.At the level of policy features,it is found that the EU increased supply of AI production factors,exported governance standards in the form of legislation,promoted the formation of consensus at the global level,and emphasized the protection of its digital sovereignty and technological security.In terms of the effects,the use of EU policy tools has not only accelerated the pace of global AI governance,but has also introduced elements of decentralization and competition within the AI governance system.China should clearly perceive the strategic direction of the EU and the trends of technology governance.By doing so,China can flexibly employ policy tools to develop AI and participate more effectively in global governance.

Key words： AI governance Global governance European Union Policy tool

收稿日期: 2024-06-27

PACS:	TP18
	D815

基金资助:2024年度华东师范大学优秀博士生学术创新能力提升计划(YBNLTS2024-046)。

通讯作者: 张心志

作者简介: 高再红(1998—),女,浙江德清人,博士研究生,研究方向为国际传播。

引用本文:

高再红, 张心志. 欧盟参与人工智能全球治理的政策工具、路径特征及影响分析[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2025(5): 150-160.
Gao Zaihong, Zhang Xinzhi. The Policy Tools, Path Characteristics and Impacts of the EU's Participation in the Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence. , 2025(5): 150-160.

链接本文:

http://www.zgkjlt.org.cn/CN/Y2025/I5/150

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