Abstract：The expert recusal system is a critical procedural arrangement for ensuring the public credibility of major science and technology(S&T)programs.The National Key R&D Program of China prevents conflicts of interest associated with experts' involvement throughout the project management lifecycle by implementing role-based expert categorization and utilizing the National Science and Technology Expert Database for reviewer selection.Based on in-depth interviews with 16 scientists and administrators,this study finds that the system still faces challenges in terms of strict recusal for specialized peers,the definition of conflict-of-interest standards,correction and disposition mechanisms,the technical support from the expert database,and the compatibility of governance philosophies.In response to these problems,this study proposes several suggestions,including formulating unified conflict-of-interest and recusal guidelines,implementing tiered and categorized recusal,refining evaluation procedures and re-evaluation mechanisms,and fostering a trust-oriented scientific culture.These recommendations aim to enhance the governance efficiency of national S&T programs and provide a reference for the optimization of science and technology management.
李芳薇, 刘燚飞, 顾超. 重大科技计划的专家回避制度研究——以国家重点研发计划为例[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2026(8): 1-10.
Li Fangwei, Liu Yifei, Gu Chao. Research on the Expert Recusal System in Major Science and Technology Programs:A Case Study of the National Key R&D Program of China. , 2026(8): 1-10.
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