Research on the Spatial Pattern Evolution of Unicorn Enterprise and Location Influencing Factors ——Taking Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and Hangzhou as Cases
Ma Teng1,2, Li Yijie3, Yu Jie4
1. Alibaba Business School,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China; 2. Institute for Global Innovation and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China; 3. School of Economics,Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121,China; 4. School of Politics and Public Administration,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China
Abstract：As a typical representative of innovative enterprises,unicorn enterprises(UE)have become an important index to measure the urban innovation environment.Their spatial distribution in the city reflects the layout and development trend of innovation subjects,resources and policies in the city where they are located.This paper selects four representative cities which are Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and Hangzhou as cases to carry out the further research.From the perspective of geography,the spatial distribution characteristics of UE on the urban scale are explored by using the research method integrating qualitative,quantitative and positioning,and a location model is constructed to analyze the location factors affecting the distribution of UE in four cities.The main conclusions are as follows.①UE have the attribute of high-tech innovation,which is mainly reflected in the high proportion of high-tech enterprises and“living by scientific and technological innovation resources”.②From 2016 to 2019,UE in the four selected cities all showed a significant agglomeration trend and no new agglomeration areas were created.According to the measurement of fragmentation index and uniformity index,UE in Beijing and Shenzhen are more concentrated,while those in Shanghai and Hangzhou are slightly weaker.③UE in Beijing gather in Haidian Park and Chaoyang Park in Zhongguancun,Shanghai in various parks of Zhangjiang High-tech Zone,Shenzhen in Nanshan Park of High-tech Zone,and Hangzhou near Zhejiang University and Alibaba.④According to different dominant location factors,the spatial distribution patterns of UE in the four cities can be summarized as Comprehensive oriented,High-tech Zone(multi-core)oriented,High-tech Zone(single-core)oriented and Elite school + Platform enterprises oriented respectively.The different spatial distribution patterns show the differences and uniqueness of the four cities in the allocation of scientific and technological innovation resources.The above findings have reference value for the rational layout of scientific and technological innovation resources in cities and the cultivation of more UE.
马腾, 李一杰, 余杰. 独角兽企业空间格局演化及其区位影响因素研究——以北京、上海、深圳、杭州为例[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2022(8): 128-138.
Ma Teng, Li Yijie, Yu Jie. Research on the Spatial Pattern Evolution of Unicorn Enterprise and Location Influencing Factors ——Taking Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and Hangzhou as Cases. , 2022(8): 128-138.
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